Security professionals typically build physical systems based on risk assessment
The job of physical security is far from straightforward. It is a high-stakes field that demands more than just a defensive mindset — it requires thinking like an intruder. Designing effective access control means anticipating the actions of increasingly resourceful adversaries.
Drones are a prime example. The rise of capable and affordable UAVs presents a persistent challenge to security teams across public and private sectors. As the number of devices in the sky continues to grow, so too does the need for a robust and informed counter-drone strategy.
Defining Threat
Understanding the nature of the threat is the first step. Unauthorised drone flights have been rising steadily in recent years, and the risks they pose — from surveillance and smuggling to potential physical disruption — are becoming harder to ignore.
In 2023, drone detection networks across the US recorded over one million airspace violations — the highest number on record. While many of these incidents likely stemmed from operator error, a significant portion breached restricted airspace, including areas around airports, correctional facilities, power stations, and large public venues.
Some of these incursions may have been accidental, while others appear to be motivated by social media attention, espionage, or criminal intent. A RAND Corporation report, for example, noted a 69% rise in drone incidents at South Carolina prisons between 2019 and 2022 — suggesting an increase in drone usage for contraband delivery and covert surveillance.
Projections for 2024 show little sign of improvement. By September, detection networks had already logged over 900,000 violations, indicating that last year’s record would likely be surpassed.
Data-driven Defence
Security professionals typically build physical systems based on risk assessment. Facilities housing sensitive data or valuable assets might install biometric locks, manned security posts or sensor-based surveillance. A similar mindset is needed when addressing drone threats.
Effective counter-drone strategies must be informed by real-world trends. Data on past violations — including the type of drone used, altitude, time of day, and proximity to sensitive sites — can help identify patterns and anticipate future incidents.
Such information is already revealing insights. For example, in the case of correctional facilities, some drone types appear disproportionately involved in violations. One lesser-known brand has been linked to a significantly higher percentage of prison airspace breaches than its overall market share would suggest. This raises questions about whether certain drones are being chosen for their evasive capabilities or operational advantages over more common models.
By analysing this kind of data, physical security teams can fine-tune their countermeasures — from deploying sensors that detect specific radio frequencies, to installing jamming systems, or enforcing geofenced zones backed by legal deterrents.
Preparing For What’s Ahead
The risks posed by drones are likely to intensify as the skies become more crowded. Proposed changes to FAA regulations could soon make beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) operations more common — increasing drone use in logistics, surveying and commercial services, while also raising the potential for misuse.
Physical security teams cannot afford to ignore this growing threat. Developing a counter-drone strategy no longer means starting from scratch or relying on gut instinct. With access to reliable data and evidence-based insights, organisations can identify vulnerabilities, anticipate malicious tactics, and implement proportionate, targeted defences.
The goal is not just to respond to the next drone incursion — but to be prepared for it.
